Perkara Galileo

Perkara Galileo, dimana Galileo Galilei jatuh ke dalam konflik dengan Gereja Katolik Roma atas dukungannya pada gagasan astronomi dari Nicolaus Copernicus (heliosentrisme), sering kali dianggap sebagai sebuah peristiwa penting dalam sejarah hubungan antara agama dan ilmu pengetahuan.^[1]^[2]

Pada tahun 1610, Galileo menerbitkan karyanya Sidereus Nuncius (Pembawa Pesan Berbintang), menjelaskan pengamatan-pengamatan yang mengherankan yang ia alami dengan teleskop barunya. Hal-hal ini dan penemuan-penemuan lainnya melahirkan kesulitan-kesulitan besar pada pengertian akan surga yang telah dipegang teguh sejak lama, dan melahirkan minat yang baru di dalam ajaran-ajaran radikal seperti teori heliosentrisme Copernicus.

Sebagai reaksinya, banyak cendekiawan menyerang teori tersebut sebab teori ini terlihat bertentangan dengan beberapa kutipan dari kitab suci. Bagian Galileo di dalam kontroversi atas teologi, astronomi dan filosofi ini berpuncak pada pengadilan dan penjatuhan hukumannya pada tahun 1633 atas dasar kecurigaan yang mendalam akan paham yang melawan ajaran Gereja.

^ Finocchiaro, Maurice A. (2014). "Introduction". The Trial of Galileo : Essential Documents. hlm. 1–4. ISBN 978-1-62466-132-7. ..one of the most common myths widely held about the trial of Galileo, including several elements: that he "saw" the earth's motion (an observation still impossible to make even in the twenty-first century); that he was "imprisoned" by the Inquisition (whereas he was actually held under house arrest); and that his crime was to have discovered the truth. And since to condemn someone for this reason can result only from ignorance, prejudice, and narrow-mindedness, this is also the myth that alleges the incompatibility between science and religion.
^ McMullin (2008)

[Trial_Galileo_Essential-1] Finocchiaro, Maurice A. (2014). "Introduction". The Trial of Galileo : Essential Documents. hlm. 1–4. ISBN 978-1-62466-132-7. ..one of the most common myths widely held about the trial of Galileo, including several elements: that he "saw" the earth's motion (an observation still impossible to make even in the twenty-first century); that he was "imprisoned" by the Inquisition (whereas he was actually held under house arrest); and that his crime was to have discovered the truth. And since to condemn someone for this reason can result only from ignorance, prejudice, and narrow-mindedness, this is also the myth that alleges the incompatibility between science and religion.

[McMullin_2008-2] McMullin (2008)

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